所屬科目:研究所、轉學考(插大)◆財政學
一、The market demand for good X is Q= 240-6P and the market supply of good X is Q= -40+2P. Now, the government imposes a tax of $4 per unit on producers of good X. Solve for the new equilibrium. Show the price paid by consumers and the price received by producers after the tax. Calculate the deadweight loss associated with the tax. How does deadweight loss change if the tax is levied on consumers of good X? (10 分)
1. International cooperation to combat the COVID-19 epidemic
2. Pigouvian tax
3. Sugar-sweetened beverage tax
4. Student loan
5. Logrolling
1. 調漲健保藥品部分負擔
2. 提高教育學費特別扣除額
3. 課徵證券交易所得稅
四、假設政府僅對一項奢侈品和一項必需品課稅,利用「效率」和「公平」準則評估兩項商品的稅率應如何設定。(16 分)
五、世界各國政府執行多項所得重分配政策,用以改善所得分配不均問題。試以「效率」和「公平」觀點說明政府執行所得重分配的理由。(16 分)
1. 興建工程中需聘僱工人,可增加就業機會,應列為利益的一部分。
2. 興建工程中會產生噪音、空氣污染等,應列為成本的一部分。
3. 興建完成通車後,將為政府帶來車票收入,應列為利益的一部分。