11. Among the following choices, which organism likely has the highest systolic pressure?
(A) mouse
(B) human
(C) hippopotamus
(D) giraffe

12. Hormone X activates the cAMP second messenger system in its target cells. The greatest response by a target cell would come from _______. (A) applying a molecule of hormone X to the extracellular fluid surrounding the cell (B) injecting a molecule of hormone X into the cytoplasm of the cell (C) applying a molecule of cAMP to the extracellular fluid surrounding the cell (D) injecting a molecule of activated, cAMP-dependent protein kinase into the cytoplasm of the cell

13. Steroid and polypeptide hormones typically have in common _______. (A) the building blocks from which they are synthesized (B) their solubility in cell membranes (C) their requirement for travel through the bloodstream (D) their reliance on signal transduction in the cell

14. A cluster of tumor cells that produces and secretes growth factors to induce surrounding cells to grow and divide is showing which type of cell-to-cell signaling? (A) autocrine (B) paracrine (C) endocrine (D) neuroendocrine

15. What happens in a cell when adenylyl cyclase is activated? (A) cAMP is created (B) cAMP is destroyed (C) G proteins bind to cAMP (D) steroid hormones pass through the lipid bilayer

16. Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine activity? (A) the pituitary gland (B) parathyroid glands (C) salivary glands (D) the pancreas

17. Hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland are made in the _______. (A) cerebellum (B) thalamus (C) hypothalamus (D) anterior pituitary gland

18. Penguins, seals, and tuna have body forms that permit rapid swimming, because _______. (A) all share a recent common ancestor (B) all of their bodies have been compressed since birth by intensive underwater pressures (C) the shape is a convergent evolutionary solution, which reduces drag while swimming (D) this is the only shape that will allow them to maintain a constant body temperature in water

19. Most of the exchange surfaces of multicellular animals are lined with _______. (A) connective tissue (B) smooth muscle cells (C) neural tissue (D) epithelial tissue.

20. Food moves along the digestive tract as the result of contractions by _______. (A) cardiac muscle (B) smooth muscle (C) striated muscle (D) skeletal muscle

21. The three stages of information processing in animals include _______. (A) chemical senses, mechanoreception, and vision (B) dendrites, a cell body, and an axon (C) a presynaptic cell, neurotransmitters, and a postsynaptic cell (D) sensory reception, an integrating center, and effectors (motor neurons)

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