12. Calculate in a 0.012 M solution of HCN,
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

13. Methyl orange is an indicator with a . Its acid form, , is red, while its base form, In, is yellow. At pH 6.0, the indicator will be (A) red.; (B) orange. ; (C) yellow. ; (D) blue. ; (E) not enough information.

14. Suppose you add 45 J of heat to a system, let it do 10. J of expansion work, and then return the system to its initial state by cooling and compression. Which statement is true for this process? (A) ΔΗ ＜ ΔΕ ; (B) ∆H = 70. J ; (C) The change in the internal energy for this process is zero. (D) The work done in compressing the system must exactly equal the work done by the system in the expansion step. ; (E) All the statements are false.

15. Which of the following statements is true for a monatomic ideal gas? (A)(B)(C)(D) is temperature dependent ; (E) none of these.

16. Consider the dissociation reaction of the acid HF. HF(aq) ⇌ Why is △S negative? (A) Each HF molecule produces two ions when it dissociates. ; (B) The ions are hydrated.; (C) The reaction is expected to be exothermic, and △S thus should be negative. ; (D) The reaction is expected to be endothermic, and △S thus should be negative. ; (E) none of these.

17. is _____ for exothermic reactions and _____ for endothermic reactions. (A) ＞ 0, ＜ 0 ; (B) ＜ 0, ＞ 0 ; (C) ＜ 0, ＜ 0 ; (D) ＞ 0, ＞ 0 ; (E) cannot tell.

18. For the reaction A + B → C + D, ∆H° = +40 kJ and AS° = +50 J/K. Therefore, the reaction under standard conditions is (A) spontaneous at temperatures less than 10 K.; (B) spontaneous at temperatures greater than 800 K.; (C) spontaneous only at temperatures between 10 K and 800 K.; (D) spontaneous at all temperatures ; (E) nonspontaneous at all temperatures.

19. If a reducing agent M reacts with an oxidizing agent to give and Q, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction is 1.0, then what is the Eº value for the oxidation-reduction reaction at 25°C? (A) −1.0 V ; (B) 1.0 V ; (C) 0.03 V ; (D) 0.0 V; (E) – 0.03 V

20. The standard potential for the reaction Zn + + 2Ag is 1.56 V. Given that the standard reduction potential for Ag+ + e → Ag is 0.80 V, determine the standard reduction potential for → Zn. (A) 0.76 V ; (B) 0.04 V ; (C) -0.38 V ; (D) –0.04 V; (E) –0.76 V

21. On a planet where the temperature is so high, the ground state of an electron in the hydrogen atom is n = 3. What is the ratio of ionization energy on this planet to that on earth? (A) 1:3; (B) 3 : 1 ; (C) 1 : 9 ; (D) 9 : 1; (E) 1 : 1

22. How many electrons can be described by the quantum numbers n = 3, l = 1, = −1 ? (A) 0 ; (B) 2; (C) 4 ; (D) 9 ; (E) 1

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