12. The protein which marks proteins for degradation is called .
(A) Chaperonin
(B) Ubiquitin
(C) Proteosomin
(D) Apoptosin
(E) adenosine

47. The protein which marks proteins for degradation is called: (A) Chaperonin (B) Ubiquitin (C) Proteasomin (D) Apoptosin (E) None of these names is correct.

13. Which one is NOT a programmed cell death? (A) Apoptosis (B) Necroptosis (C) Necrosis (D) Pyroptosis (E) Phagoptosis

複選題14. The central dogma does not include (A) DNA replication (B) RNA transcription (C) Protein translation (D) Reverse transcription (E) Lysine sumoylation

15. Which one is NOT an unfolded protein response? (A) endocytosis (B) Increase chaperon protein expression (C) Promote protein degradation (D) Induce apoptosis (E) Autophagy

16. Indicate which process NOT requires membrane fusion? (A) Insulin-mediated blood glucose homeostasis (B) Virus infection (C) Cholesterol endocytosis (D) Brain computation (E) Muscle contraction induced by nerve stimulation

17. Indicate where is neurotransmitter stored? (A) ER (B) Golgi (C) presynaptic endosome (D) Synaptic vesicle (E) presynaptic mitochondria

18. Indicate which organelles are mainly involved in protein N-glycosylation? (1). Nucleus (2). ER (3). Golgi (4). Mitochondria (5). Endosome (A) (1), (2) (B) (1), (3) (C) (3), (4) (D) (4), (5) (E) (1), (5)

19. Indicate why the cell needs autophagy? (2 pts) (1). Remove damaged organelles (2). Remove damaged cytosolic proteins (3). Recycle cell materials (4). Facilitate protein transport (5). Enhance protein modifications (A) (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) (B) (1), (2), (4), (5) (C) (1), (2), (4) (D) (1), (2), (3) (E) (3), (4), (5)

20. Typically, what is the biogenesis path for a plasma membrane integrated transmembrane protein? (1) ER (2) Golgi (3) Early endosome (4) Lysosome (5) Plasma membrane (A) 1＞4＞5 (B) 1＞3＞5 (C) 2＞1＞5 (D) 1＞2＞5 (E) 3＞4＞5

21. Which of the following statements regarding ER or Golgi structure or function is correct? (1) The synthesis of fatty acids and phospholipids takes place in the smooth ER. (2) Rough ER synthesizes all proteins to be secreted from a cell. (3) COPI coat proteins mediate anterograde transport between the Golgi apparatus and other organelles. (4) The Golgi stacks receive proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by the cis cisternae. (5) The presence of clathrin mediates vesicular transport from trans-Golgi to endosome. (A) (1), (2), (3) and (4) (B) (1), (2), (4) and (5) (C) (2), (3), (4) and (5) (D) (1), (2), (3) and (5) (E) (1), (3), (4) and (5)

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