13. Which of the following methods is used to analyze RNA transcription
(A) Southern hybridization
(B) Western blotting
(C) Northern hybridization
(D) All of the above

14. Which of the following sequences or structures is   NOT   found in mRNA? (A) Cap (B) Codon for Met (C) Exon (D) Promoter

15. Which of the following techniques can be applied to detect gene mutation in leukemia cells? (A) ELISA (B) Northern hybridization (C) Southern hybridization (D) Western blotting

16. Which of the following compounds is the most commonly used antibiotic for selection of a transformed plasmid into E. coli competent cells? (A) Ampicillin (B) Bleomycin (C) G418 (D) 2-mercaptoethanol

17. Which of following reagents can be used for RNA interference? (A) siRNA (B) shRNA (C) miRNA (D) All of the above

18. What is the role of the Kozak sequence? (A) Initiation of RNA transcription (B) Initiation of protein translation (C) The ribosomal binding site (D) A transcription factor binding site

19. When preparing SDS-PAGE gels, the pH of the stacking gel should be adjusted to? (A) 5.8 (B) 6.8 (C) 7.8 (D) 8.8

20. Which of the following enzymes is   NOT   required during mammalian DNA replication? (A) T4 DNA polymerase (B) DNA ligase (C) DNA helicase (D) Primase

21. All of the followings are involved in protein translation in a cell   EXCEPT   (A) rRNA (B) siRNA (C) mRNA (D) tRNA

22. Which of the followings is a DNA molecule? (A) (B) (C)(D)

23. Which of the following descriptions of a "virus" is   INCORRECT  ? (A) A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism. (B) A virus is composed of a protein coat and nucleic acid. (C) The genetic material of a virus is either a double-stranded DNA or a single-stranded RNA. (D) During virus replication, some virus particles may not contain the viral genome.

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