19. Which of the following individuals will inherit an X-linked allele from a man who carries it?
(A)all of his daughters
(B)half of his daughters
(C) all of his sons
(D) all of his children

20. A couple has a child with Down syndrome. The mother is 39 years old at the time of delivery. Which of the following is the most probable cause of the child's condition? (A)The woman inherited this tendency from her parents. (B)The mother had a chromosomal duplication. (C) One member of the couple underwent nondisjunction in somatic cell production. (D) One of the gametes in the mother most likely underwent nondisjunction during meiosis.

21. In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of a molecule of DNA, which of the following combinations of base pairs will be found? (A)A = C (B)A = G and C = T (C) A+C=G+T (D) G+C=T+A

22. What are telomeres? (A)the structures that hold two sister chromatids together (B)enzymes that elongate the DNA strand during replication (C) the sites of origin of DNA replication (D) the ends of linear chromosomes

23. Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following molecules in addition to RNA polymerase? (A)anticodons (B)ribosomes and tRNA (C) several transcription factors (D) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

24. What is the function of the release factor during translation in eukaryotes? (A)It binds to the stop codon in the A site in place of a tRNA. (B)It releases the amino acid from its tRNA to allow the amino acid to form a peptide bond. (C) It supplies a source of energy for termination of translation. (D) It releases the ribosome from the ER to allow polypeptides into the cytosol.

25. How does the transcription of structural genes in an inducible operon occur? (A)It occurs continuously in the cell. (B)It starts when the pathway's substrate is present. (C) It starts when the pathway's product is present. (D) It stops when the pathway's product is present. End of OCR for page 1==

26. Which of the following methods is utilized by eukaryotes to control their gene expression that is different from the type of control found in bacteria? (A)control of chromatin remodeling (B)control of RNA splicing (C) transcriptional control (D) control of both RNA splicing and chromatin remodeling

27. Which of the following characteristics correctly describes retroviruses? (A)They are made up of only a single protein. (B)They can only reproduce by infecting bacteria. (C) They have a single-stranded DNA that acts as a template for DNA synthesis. (D) They have a single-stranded RNA that acts as a template for DNA synthesis.

28. What are prions? (A)mobile segments of DNA (B)tiny circular molecules of RNA that can infect plants (C) viral DNA that attaches itself to the host genome and causes disease (D) misfolded versions of normal proteins that can cause disease

29. Which of the following correctly lists the processes in order for one cycle of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)? (A)denature DNA; add fresh enzyme; anneal primers; add dNTPs; extend primers (B)anneal primers; denature DNA; extend primers (C) extend primers; anneal primers; denature DNA (D) denature DNA; anneal primers; extend primers

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