31.
(A) understand how our lives can be changed in a profoundly way is important
(B) understanding how profound our lives can be changed is essential
(C) it is important to understand how profoundly our lives can be changed
(D) it is essential understanding how profound our lives can be changed

32. (A) who seem to be living (B) who seems to be living (C) that seem be living (D) that seems be living

33. (A) whose lives are defined by deficient, loneliness, fear, and poor (B) lives are defined by scarcity, loneliness, fear, and poverty (C) lives are defined by deficient, loneliness, fear, and poor (D) whose lives are defined by scarcity, loneliness, fear, and poverty

34. (A) who feel befriended, prosperous, and happy (B) who feel befriended, prosperity, and happy (C) feel befriended, prosperous, and happy (D) feeling befriended, prosperity, and happy

35. (A) were living mental and emotional in the nineteenth century, while (B) are living mentally and emotionally in the nineteenth century, while (C) are living mental and emotional in the nineteenth century, so (D) were living mentally and emotionally in the nineteenth century, so

36. Time is a critical factor in college work: guard it carefully and use it economically. How can you develop the most successful time schedule for your purposes? In the first place, find out exactly what you have to do. Make a master list of responsibilities you must meet each week and special projects you must finish during the term. Then study yourself. Discover the hours you work best. The next step is to set up a plan to make the best use of your energies; schedule your best hours for the study of your most difficult subjects, your next best hours for the easier subjects, and your low-energy hours for rest, relaxation, or simple mechanical tasks. _________ (A) However, settle down and follow the plan until you form the habit. (B) Likewise, settle down and follow the plan until you form the habit. (C) Finally, settle down and follow the plan until you form the habit. (D) On the contrary, settle down and follow the plan until you form the habit.

37. _________ Jerusalem was divided between Israel and Jordan until 1967; since then Israel has held all of the city. For Jews, Jerusalem is the ancient Hebrew capital, where King Solomon built the Temple. For Christians, the city is where Jesus Christ preached and was crucified. Muslims believe that the Prophet Muhammad rose to heaven from a rock in Jerusalem. The Dome of the Rock shrine now stands on the spot. (A) No one knows whether or not peace in the Middle East is possible. (B) Jerusalem is a holy city for people of three faiths: Jews, Christians, and Muslims. (C) The bright future of Jerusalem is approaching, for peace in the Middle East may start in this ancient city. (D) Jerusalem has been in troubled waters ever since its establishment.

38. _________ Athletes who are going to be active for a long time often eat large amounts of carbohydrates before competing. The most beneficial carbohydrates come from vegetable sources such as wheat, corn, and beans. Sugars are also a form of carbohydrates, but the body uses them quickly and without much benefit. (A) Carbohydrates give us energy. (B) The most useful carbohydrates come from vegetables such as wheat and corn. (C) Food is made up of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. (D) Our bodies need basically four types of nutrients from food: proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins and minerals.

39. Children gain knowledge about the world around them in part from observation and experience. To understand the world, a child needs firsthand experience with many opportunities to observe, to experiment, and to get hands dirty. While experience counts for much, book learning is also important, for it helps bring coherence and order to a child's scientific knowledge. Only when topics are presented systematically and clearly can children make steady and secure progress in their scientific learning. A systematic approach that combines experience with book learning can help provide essential building blocks for deeper understanding at a later time. _________ (A) It can also provide the kind of knowledge that one is not likely to gain from observation. (B) The child's development of scientific knowledge and understanding is a very disorderly and complex process. (C) From their very first day in school, students should be actively engaged in learning to view the world scientifically. (D) However, experience is generally considered much less important than book learning by educators.

40. _________ Its reliance on foreign sources is apparent every day in the year. Take sugar. Cane sugar ranks first in value among imported foodstuffs. Or take coffee. Coffee drinking couldn't be an American habit if it cut off imports from Brazil. The U.S. gets much of printing ink from Canada, otherwise it wouldn't have its newspaper. The chief source of raw silk is Japan. A wrist watch sold in the States may or may not be a Swiss watch, but the inner movements are probably imported. Ninety percent of them are. (A) The U.S. depends on a large number of foreign countries for labor. (B) Although the U.S. is a rich and powerful nation, it depends upon foreign sources for most of its raw material. (C) The U.S. is a rich and plentiful nation; nevertheless, it relies upon foreign sources for many commodities of famous brands. (D) In the U.S., ninety percent of watches and similar items are imported.

41. The worker termites perform all the labor for the community. They tend the fungus gardens and harvest the crops; they take care of and domesticate other insects and milk them much as we milk cows; they feed the queen and other termites and keep them well groomed; _________ (A) and they work and live in the dark and hate the light. (B) and they had a good reputation for building nests which are sturdy and air-conditioned. (C) and they must have contact with the soil in order to survive. (D) and they build complicated nests which are sturdy and air-conditioned.

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