42. The pronoun “they” in Line 2 most likely refers to ________. (A) adults (B) companies (C) vitamins (D) cancers

45. According to the article, which of the following statements is true? (A) We need to be more cautious about taking vitamins on the daily base. (B) It is too expensive to take multivitamins to prevent disease. (C) Lung cancer is triggered by taking too much vitamin E. (D) The doctors in the U.S. do not take vitamins. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. CSR policy functions as a built-in, self-regulating mechanism whereby a business monitors and ensures its active compliance with the spirit of the law, ethical standards, and international norms. CSR is a process with the aim to embrace responsibility for the company’s actions and encourage a positive impact through its activities on the environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of the public sphere who may also be considered as stakeholders. The term “corporate social responsibility” came into common use in the late 1960s and early 1970s after many multinational corporations formed the term stakeholder, meaning those on whom an organization’s activities have an impact. It was used to describe corporate owners beyond shareholders as a result of an influential book by R. Edward Freeman, Strategic management: a stakeholder approach in 1984. Proponents argue that corporations make more long term profits by operating with a perspective, while critics argue that CSR distracts from the economic role of businesses. Others argue CSR is merely a window-dressing, or an attempt to preempt the role of governments as a watchdog over powerful multinational corporations. CSR is titled to aid an organization’s mission as well as a guide to what the company stands for and will uphold to its consumers. A common approach to CSR is corporate philanthropy. This includes monetary donations and aid given to local and non-local nonprofit organizations and communities, including donations in areas such as the arts, education, housing, health, social welfare, and the environment, among others, but excluding political contributions and commercial sponsorship of events. Some organizations do not like a philanthropy-based approach as it might not help 6 build on the skills of local populations, whereas community-based development generally leads to more sustainable development

42. The pronoun “they” in Line 2 most likely refers to ________.

(A) adults
(B) companies
(C) vitamins
(D) cancers

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