⑸ It has been observed that television’s most common role is one of many windows through which we observe, transmit, and reflect society to one another.

三、Translate the following English news into Chinese:（20 分）     SEOUL（AP） South Korean President Lee Myung-Bak said Saturday he was open to any type of dialogue with his North Korean counterpart if it would help resolve the nuclear stand-off.     “ I won’t insist on holding a summit in Seoul. It doesn’t matter even if the summit venue is outside （South）Korea, ” the South Korea leader said during a televised town hall meeting.     “ Because denuclearization of the Korean peninsula is such an important issue, I plan to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong-I at any time and anywhere, as long as our objective of such a summit will be achieved, ” Lee Myung-Bak said.     The Koreas held summit talks in 2000 and 2007 and agreed on a series of reconciliation events and joint economic projects.     Pyongyang began making peace overtures in August, after months of bitter hostility which began when Lee took office in February 2008 and linked economic cooperation to the North’s nuclear disarmament.

⑴如何以 R 之大小判定傳染病流行？

⑵若某傳染病其R0=4 且可使用疫苗遏阻傳染病流行，則疫苗接種率至少需達到多少%？

⑶決定R0之三大因素為何？

⑷使用上述題⑶之因素決定禽流感之不同預防措施。

⑴請敘述病例組及對照組之定義。

⑵請敘述暴露組及非暴露組之定義。

⑶以量化指標說明兩者是否相關之統計虛無假說及對立假說。

⑷若抽菸是可能的干擾因子，請敘述如何利用統計方法控制此干擾因子。

⑴若欲提高檢驗方法之敏感度，則切點應如何移動？

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