二、ある日本の企業は、台湾でその発明を特許出願するか、出願せずに 営業秘密として保有するかについて迷っている。あなたは、この日 本企業に対して特許出願すべきだと説得しようと考えている。兩者 を相違比較し、その理由を日本語で説明しなさい。（25 分）

二、翻譯題(英翻中)(共二十八分) 1.Primary consequences of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) include loss or impairment of sensation and voluntary control of muscles. A related secondary consequence of the injury is chronic neuropathic pain, It is believed that neuropathic pain below the level of injury has a central origin, and is therefore also referred to as Central Neuropathic Pain (CNP). In 40% of SCI patients, pain is severe, persistently interfering with the activities of daily living. As a consequence of this, patient's sleep quality is reduced associated with high levels of anxiety and depression. The CNP following spinal cord injury not only affects patients' health status and quality of life but also has an economic impact on the patient and the wider society.(十分)

2.Physicians rely increasingly on a wide array of laboratory tests to solve clinical problems. However, laboratory data do not relieve the physician from the responsibility of carefully observing the patient. It is essential to appreciate the limitations of diagnostic tests. They often gain an aura of certainty regardless of the fallibility of the tests themselves, the instruments used in the tests, and the individuals performing the tests. Physicians must weigh the expense involved in laboratory procedures against the value of the information these procedures are likely to provide.(九分)

3.Rapid progress in information and communication technologies and the increasing popularity of healthcare-related applications has increased interest in the topic of intelligent medical care. This topic emphasizes the use of information and communication technologies to collect and analyze a variety of data in order to provide physicians and other healthcare professionals with clinical decision support. At present, so-called smart hospitals are the focal point of most intelligent-systems development activity, with little attention currently being focused on long-term care needs.(九分)

(1) The deadweight loss is the decrease in total surplus that results from an inefficient level of production. When a firm practices price discrimination, the economy must exist the deadweight loss.

(2) The short run is a time frame in which the quantity of at least one factor of production is fixed. The long run is a time frame in which the quantity of all factors of production can be varied.

(3) Rent seeking is lobbying for special treatment by the government to create economy profit or to divert consumer surplus or producer surplus away from others.

(4) The average cost pricing rule sets price equal to average total cost. With this rule the firm produces the quantity at which the average total cost curve cuts the demand curve. This rule results in the firm making zero economic profit.

(5) A free rider enjoys the benefits of a good or service without paying for it. The free-rider problem is that the economy provides an inefficient small quantity of a public good.

(1) In a perfectly competitive market, the process of entry and exit will end when price equals minimum marginal cost.

(2) An example of adverse selection is man who tries to sell his used car without disclosing that it needs a new transmission.

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