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44.下列何種惡性病最可能以化學治療藥物(chemotherapy)治癒? (A)non-smal cell lung carcinoma (B)colorectal carcinoma (C)seminoma (D)chronic myeloid leukemia

40.66歲男性,自訴以往健康良好。2個月前發現有兩側頸部、腋下與腹股溝淋巴結腫大,經左側淋巴結切片檢 查診斷為angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma(AITL),接受全身性化學治療,處方為標準劑量的CHOP (cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine和prednisolone)。病人於化療2週後返回門診,主訴上腹脹、 排便困難及手指指尖麻木,醫師懷疑可能發生ileus。此副作用最可能由下列何種藥物引起? (A)cyclophosphamide (B)adriamycin (C)prednisolone (D)vincristine

36.標靶治療藥物imatinib是何種蛋白的抑制劑? (A)Bcr-Abl (B)PML-RARa (C)NF-KB (D)EGFRa

50. The postsynaptic response at a chemical synapse depends on both the neurotransmitter released from the presynaptic neuron and the receptor present on the postsynaptic membrane. Which of the following statements about neurotransmitters is NOT correct? (A) The magnitude of synaptic transmission can be influenced by the amount of neurotransmitter released. (B) Released neurotransmitter molecules can be taken back up into the presynaptic neuron. (C) A single neurotransmitter can activate both ionotropic and metabotropic receptors, producing distinct physiological effects. (D) In the adult human brain, the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a neurotransmitter that typically depolarizes the postsynaptic neuron, making it more likely to fire an action potential. (E) Certain gaseous molecules, such as nitric oxide (NO), can act as retrograde neurotransmitters and are not stored in synaptic vesicles before release.

51. Often referred to as the "hunger hormone," __________ is a peptide hormone secreted primarily by endocrine cells of the stomach. Its concentration rises sharply before meals to stimulate appetite-regulating centers in the hypothalamus and declines following stomach distension after food intake. (A) glucagon (B) peptide YY (PYY) (C) leptin (D) ghrelin (E) insulin

52. A normal heartbeat begins with spontaneous electrical activity that coordinates atrial and ventricular contraction. Which of the following describes the correct physiological sequence of electrical conduction in the human heart? (A) signals from the sinoatrial (SA) node spreading through atria → signals delayed in the atrioventricular (AV) node → bundle branches passing signals to the heart apex → signals spreading upward throughout ventricles via Purkinje fibers. (B) signals from the atrioventricular (AV) node spreading through atria → signals delayed in the sinoatrial (SA) node → bundle branches passing signals to the heart apex → signals spreading upward throughout ventricles via Purkinje fibers. (C) signals from the sinoatrial (SA) node spreading through ventricles → signals delayed in the atrioventricular (AV) node → bundle branches passing signals to the heart apex → signals spreading upward throughout atria via Purkinje fibers. (D) signals from the sinoatrial (SA) node spreading through atria → bundle branches passing signals to the heart apex → signals delayed in the atrioventricular (AV) node → signals spreading upward throughout ventricles via Purkinje fibers. (E) signals from the atrioventricular (AV) node spreading through atria → bundle branches passing signals to the heart apex → signals delayed in the sinoatrial (SA) node → signals spreading upward throughout ventricles via Purkinje fibers.