16. Somatic cells of roundworms have four individual chromosomes per cell. How many chromosomes would you expect to find in an ovum from a roundworm?
(A)four
(B)two
(C) eight
(D) a diploid number

17. Albinism is a recessive trait. A man and woman both show normal pigmentation, but both have one parent who has albinism (without melanin pigmentation). What is the probability that their first child will have albinism? (A)0 (B)1/2 (C) 1/4 (D) 1

18. Feather color in budgies is determined by two different genes, Y for pigment on the outside of the feather, and B for pigment on the inside of the feather. YYBB, YyBB, or YYBb is green; yyBB or yyBb is blue; YYbb or Yybb is yellow; and yybb is white. Two blue budgies were crossed. Over the years, they produced 22 offspring, five of which were white. What are the most likely genotypes for the two blue budgies? (A)yyBB and yyBB (B)yyBB and yyBb (C) yyBb and yyBb (D) yyBb and yybb

19. Which of the following individuals will inherit an X-linked allele from a man who carries it? (A)all of his daughters (B)half of his daughters (C) all of his sons (D) all of his children

20. A couple has a child with Down syndrome. The mother is 39 years old at the time of delivery. Which of the following is the most probable cause of the child's condition? (A)The woman inherited this tendency from her parents. (B)The mother had a chromosomal duplication. (C) One member of the couple underwent nondisjunction in somatic cell production. (D) One of the gametes in the mother most likely underwent nondisjunction during meiosis.

21. In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of a molecule of DNA, which of the following combinations of base pairs will be found? (A)A = C (B)A = G and C = T (C) A+C=G+T (D) G+C=T+A

22. What are telomeres? (A)the structures that hold two sister chromatids together (B)enzymes that elongate the DNA strand during replication (C) the sites of origin of DNA replication (D) the ends of linear chromosomes

23. Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following molecules in addition to RNA polymerase? (A)anticodons (B)ribosomes and tRNA (C) several transcription factors (D) aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

24. What is the function of the release factor during translation in eukaryotes? (A)It binds to the stop codon in the A site in place of a tRNA. (B)It releases the amino acid from its tRNA to allow the amino acid to form a peptide bond. (C) It supplies a source of energy for termination of translation. (D) It releases the ribosome from the ER to allow polypeptides into the cytosol.

25. How does the transcription of structural genes in an inducible operon occur? (A)It occurs continuously in the cell. (B)It starts when the pathway's substrate is present. (C) It starts when the pathway's product is present. (D) It stops when the pathway's product is present. End of OCR for page 1==

26. Which of the following methods is utilized by eukaryotes to control their gene expression that is different from the type of control found in bacteria? (A)control of chromatin remodeling (B)control of RNA splicing (C) transcriptional control (D) control of both RNA splicing and chromatin remodeling

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