18.Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by
(A)osmosis
(B)phagocytosis
(C) active transport
(D)pinocytosis
(E)passive transport

19.During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope re-form and the nucleoli reappear? (A)anaphase (B)metaphase (C) prophase (D)interphase (E)telophase

20.A biological species is defined as a group of organisms that (A)are physically similar (B)are genetically similar (C) share a common ancestor (D)live together (E)can inbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring

1. The primary vegetative organs of plants are: (A)stems, leaves, nodes, and axillary buds. (B) sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. (C)sporangia, seeds cones, and pollen cones. (D)roots, stems, and leaves. (E)aboveground stems, underground roots, leaves, and flowers.

2. Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic organism? (A)Plant (B) Animal (C)Bacterium (D)Fungus (E)Protist

3. The red color of beets is due to a water-soluble pigment called anthocyanin, which is most likely found in a beet cell' s: (A)vacuole. (B) chromoplasts. (C)cytoplasm. (D)nucleus. (E)chloroplasts

4. During meiosis, DNA replication occurs during: (A)G1. (B) S. (C)G2. (D)interkinesis. (E)cytokinesis.

5. Which of the following is wrong about stem vascular bundles? (A)Can be scattered or located in a ring (B) Cells of primary xylem or larger than cells of primary phloem (C)Relative amount of cell types with the bundles can vary (D)Phloem is found to the inside and xylem to the outside (E)Can be interconnected with other vascular bundles

6. Leaves are quite vulnerable to damage by fungi and chewing insects. A leaf adaptation that would not be a deterrent to those pests would be: (A)a thick cuticle on the surface of the epidermis. (B) a bundle sheath around leaf vascular bundles. (C)stomata in the epidermis. (D)trichomes on the surface. (E)a blade divided into leaflets.

7. A root is not uniform along its length but has distinct zones. Starting at the tip, these zones proceed as which of the following? (A)Apical meristem → root cap → zone of elongation → zone of maturation/root hairs (B) Root cap → zone of elongation → apical meristem → zone of maturation/root hairs (C)Root cap → apical meristem→ zone of elongation → zone of maturation/root hairs (D)Root cap → apical meristem → zone of maturation/root hairs → zone of elongation

8. Many people buy furniture made of oak. The wood of this tree is particularly good for furniture construction because it contains large amounts of: (A)fibers. (B) parenchyma. (C)sclereids. (D)tracheids. (E)vessel elements.

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