24. Which subunit described below is NOT a core enzyme component of bacterial RNA polymerase?
(A)A
(B)B
(C)β'
(D)σ
(E)γ

25. Which description of the difference between DNA and RNA synthesis is WRONG? (A) Both DNA and RNA synthesis have highly active and efficient proofreading functions. (B) Deoxyribonucleotides are used in DNA synthesis. (C) RNA polymerase does not need a primer to initiate the synthesis of RNA. (D) U replaces T as the complementary base for A in RNA. (E) Only portions of the genome are transcribed into RNA, whereas the entire genome must be copied once and only once during DNA replication.

26. Which of the following enzyme is the rate limiting step for cholesterol synthesis? (A) HMG-CoA synthase (B) HMG-CoA reductase (C) Squalene synthetase (D) Squalene monooxygenase (E) Cholesterol 7o-hydroxylase (CYP7AI)

27. Which of the following apolipoprotein is acquired from HDL by nascent VLDL to serve as the enzyme co-factor for lipoprotein lipase ? (A) Apolipoprotein A (B) Apolipoprotein B-100 (C) Apolipoprotein B-48 (D) Apolipoprotein C (E) Apolipoprotein D

28. Which of the following play key role in regulating cholesterol metabolism by both uptake of cholesterol ester in liver and efflux of cholesterol in tissue? (A) ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). (B) ATP binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1). (C) Lipoprotein Lipase anchored by heparan sulfate proteoglycans. (D) Class B scavenger receptor B1 (SR-B1). (E) Lecithin cholesterol acyI transferase (LCAT).

29. Which of the following does NOT result in increased hormone sensitive lipase activity? (A) Adenylate cyclase activated by epinephrine. (B) Phosphorylated of perilipin. (C) Activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. (D) Activation of lipase phosphatase. (E) Administer phosphodiesterase inhibitor.

30. Which of the following descriptions about triacyiglycerols metabolism in adipose tissue is INCORRECT? (A) Glycerol kinase is not expressed in adipose tissue. (B) The source of glycerol 3-phosphate used for esterification is derived from glycolysis. (C) There is a continuous cycle of lipolysis and re-esterification occurring in the adipose tissue. (D) The major enzyme regulating lipolysis in the adipose tissue is hormone-sensitive lipase. (E) Increase glucose uptake results in reduced rate of lipolysis of the adipose tissue, which is the main cause of lipid accumulation.

31. Which of the following mechanisms is NOT a common way to regulate enzyme activity? (A) feedback inhibition (B) irreversible denaturation (C) covalent modification (D) feedforward activation (E) allosteric regulation

32. In Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics, the Km (Michaelis constant) represents: (A) The product concentration at which the reaction rate is half of Vmax. (B) The enzyme concentration at which the reaction rate is half of Vmax. (C) The enzyme-substrate complex concentration at which the reaction rate is half of Vmax. (D) The substrate concentration at which the reaction rate is half of Vmax. (E) The rate constant of the enzyme-substrate complex formation.

33. Which of the following statements describing competitive inhibition of enzymes is NOT correct? (A) Competitive inhibitors decrease the product concentration. (B) Competitive inhibitors are most effective at low substrate concentrations. (C) Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of the enzyme. (D) Vmax of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction decreases in the presence of competitive inhibitors. (E) Competitive inhibition can be overcome by increasing the concentration of the substrate.

34. Which of the following is generally NOT regarded as a coenzyme in enzyme-catalyzed reactions? (A) ATP (B) NADH (C) FAD (D) Heme (E) acetyl-CoA

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