33. What is the precursor of these two sexual hormones, estrogen and androgen?
(A) Polypeptide
(B) Amino acid
(C) Steroid
(D) Glucose

34. Which statement is correct about the fluid mosaic of biological membrane? (A) All membrane proteins are bound to the interior of the membrane. (B) Carbohydrates are covalently bound to the outside of the membrane. (C) Both lipids and proteins undergo transverse (flip-flop) diffusion from the inside to the outside of the membrane. (D) The term mosaic refers to the rearrangement of the lipids only.

35. Which of the following is   not   involved in the processes of protein folding? (A) hydrophobic interaction (B) peptide bond hydrolysis (C) disulfide bridge formation (D) heat shock proteins

36. In general, protein can not be denatured by: (A) urea (B) 50 mMTris buffer, pH 7.5 (C) heating to 90°C. (D) pH 2.5.

37. One enzyme, M protein, exhibits maximum activity at pH = 6.9. M protein shows a fairly sharp decrease in its activity when the pH goes much lower than 6.4. One likely interpretation of this pH activity is that: (A) the enzyme is a calcium-binding protein (B) the enzyme is found in saliva. (C) a Asp residue on the enzyme is involved in the reaction. (D) a His residue on the enzyme is involved in the reaction.

38. Protein kinase A is: (A) can be activated by ligand-binding G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) (B) inhibited by binding of ATP. (C) allosterically activated by cyclic AMP. (D) suppressed by cyclic CMP.

39. The biological function of adhesion receptor is major in: (A) regulate cell apoptosis (B) regulate protein transcription (C) regulate the steroid hormone activation (D) regulate cellular mobility

40. The three-dimensional structure of protein can be determined by: (A) confocal microscopy (B) x-ray diffraction (C) circular dichroism spectrum (D) mass spectrometry

41. Proteasome and lysosome are cellular machineries to remove unwanted or damaged proteins. Which of the following is correct? (A) Both are double-membrane structures. (B) Acidic environment is essential for functions of both proteasome and lysosome. (C) Both are involved in protein trafficking such as endocytosis. (D) Both can be found in cytoplasm.

42. After the CO2 fixation step in photosynthesis the production of sugars takes place (A) as a reversal of glycolysis. (B) as a reversal of the citric acid cycle. (C) in the same manner as gluconeogenesis. (D) as a reversal of the pentose phosphate pathway.

2051 無論是系統或是技術有潛在需改進之來源時，均應加鑑別及行動，以減少不符合規定發生之可能性，此作為稱之(A)矯正措施 (B)內稽措施 (C)預防措施　(D)外稽措施。

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