⑵ For the first time in history, the world is fighting a pandemic flu before it becomes a worldwide catastrophe.

⑶ Baby boomers, those born between 1946 and 1964, are nearing retirement age. The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that there are 78.2 million boomers, and that every hour, 330 of them turn 60. That means an entire generation of workers might leave the work force in the coming years.

⑷ The Ministry of Transportation and Communications announced it would research ways to balance market supply and demand for taxicab service. Although taxi drivers work an average of 12.17 hours per day, it reported, they only carry an average of 18 customers and spend about 80 percent of the time driving an empty cab around.

⑸ It has been observed that television’s most common role is one of many windows through which we observe, transmit, and reflect society to one another.

三、Translate the following English news into Chinese:（20 分）     SEOUL（AP） South Korean President Lee Myung-Bak said Saturday he was open to any type of dialogue with his North Korean counterpart if it would help resolve the nuclear stand-off.     “ I won’t insist on holding a summit in Seoul. It doesn’t matter even if the summit venue is outside （South）Korea, ” the South Korea leader said during a televised town hall meeting.     “ Because denuclearization of the Korean peninsula is such an important issue, I plan to meet North Korean leader Kim Jong-I at any time and anywhere, as long as our objective of such a summit will be achieved, ” Lee Myung-Bak said.     The Koreas held summit talks in 2000 and 2007 and agreed on a series of reconciliation events and joint economic projects.     Pyongyang began making peace overtures in August, after months of bitter hostility which began when Lee took office in February 2008 and linked economic cooperation to the North’s nuclear disarmament.

⑴如何以 R 之大小判定傳染病流行？

⑵若某傳染病其R0=4 且可使用疫苗遏阻傳染病流行，則疫苗接種率至少需達到多少%？

⑶決定R0之三大因素為何？

⑷使用上述題⑶之因素決定禽流感之不同預防措施。

⑴請敘述病例組及對照組之定義。

⑵請敘述暴露組及非暴露組之定義。

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