15 依《聯合國憲章》第 4 條，關於申請成為聯合國會員國的程序，下列敘述何者正確？
(A)經大會會員國二分之一之出席與同意行之
(B)經安全理事會理事國三分之二之出席與同意
(C)由大會經安全理事會之推薦以決議行之
(D)經安全理事會理事國二分之一之出席與同意

16 世界貿易組織之規範體系不包括下列何協定？ (A)與貿易有關之貨幣互換協定 (B)服務貿易總協定 (C)與貿易有關之智慧財產權協定 (D)技術性貿易障礙協定

17 菲律賓於 2013 年 1 月提出有關南海爭議的爭端解決，是向下列何者提出？ (A)常設仲裁法院 (B)國際法院 (C)國際海洋法法庭 (D)《聯合國海洋法公約》附件七仲裁庭

18 《聯合國憲章》第 2 條規定多項原則，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)各會員國應以和平方法解決其國際爭端，俾免危及國際和平、安全及正義 (B)各會員國在其國際關係上不得使用威脅或武力，或以與聯合國宗旨不符之任何其他方法，侵害 任何會員國或國家之領土完整或政治獨立 (C)當任何會員遭受軍事攻擊時，聯合國大會得採取必要之空海陸軍行動，以維持或恢復該國之和 平及安全 (D)本憲章不得認為授權聯合國干涉在本質上屬於任何國家國內管轄之事件，且並不要求會員國將 該項事件依本憲章提請解決；但此項原則不妨礙第 7 章內執行辦法之適用

19 1949 年四個日内瓦公約的共同第 3 條，確立在非國際性武裝衝突的情形下，衝突之各方對不實際 參與戰鬥人員應給予之人道待遇。下列何者非共同第 3 條具體提及之內容？ (A)禁止劫持作為人質 (B)禁止強迫遷移 (C)禁止未經公正審判而判處刑罰 (D)公正的人道團體得向衝突各方提供服務的權利

20 關於與國際環境保護相關的公約規範，下列敘述何者錯誤？ (A)《控制危險廢物越境轉移及其處置巴塞爾公約》 （Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal）完全禁止廢棄物跨國移轉 (B)《防止海洋油污染國際公約》（International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil）限制有害物質的排放 (C)依據《生物多樣性公約》 （Convention on Biological Diversity） ，可否取得遺傳資源的決定權屬於 國家政府 (D)《巴黎協定》採國家自主貢獻方式，減量降低溫室氣體的排放

1 Regarding the relationships between "international law" and "domestic law", which of the following descriptions is NOT correct? (A) In theory, the relationships between "international law" and "domestic law" usually refer to the two approaches between "dualism" and "monism". (B) Article 141 of the R.O.C. Constitution provides that, "the foreign policy of the Republic of China shall... respect treaties and the Charter of the United Nations, ..." (C) A State may use its domestic laws or deficiencies in its legislative process as justifications for breaching its obligations under international law. (D) Whether international law is directly applicable by a national court is largely dependent on its national Constitution, legislations and court decisions.

2 According to the definition of "treaties" under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, which of the followings is NOT a treaty? (A) Kyoto Protocol. (B) Stockholm Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment. (C) Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. (D) Shimonoseki Treaty.

3 What does the term "pacta tertiis nec nocent nec prosunt" mean? (A) Agreements must be kept. (B) Consent is the only way to bind States. (C) A treaty binds the parties and only the parties; it does not create obligations for a third State. (D) A fundamental and unforeseen change of circumstances.

4 Which of the following statements concerning "Non-intervention of internal affairs" is NOT correct? (A) The basic rule of international law expresses that a State has no right to encroach upon another State's internal affairs. (B) The enforcement measures taken according to Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations may be applied to matters which are within the domestic jurisdiction of a given State. (C) Under the Charter of the United Nations, the United Nations, in principle, may not intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of a given State. (D) The Charter of the United Nations requires the Member States submit all disputes to the International Court of Justice for settlement.

5 Regarding "State Succession" under international law, which of the following statements is NOT correct? (A) The 1978 Vienna Convention on the Succession of States in Respect of Treaties is more controversial than the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. (B) The 1978 Vienna Convention on the Succession of States in Respect of Treaties is a result of codification on the principle of State Succession. (C) The International Law Commission passed the Vienna Convention on the Succession of States in Respect of Property, Archives and Debts in 1983, but this convention has not entered into force. (D) State succession is predicated, among others, on temporary changes resulting from belligerent occupation.

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