(8)請簡單說明台灣周圍的海洋地形、地質構造單元以及板塊架構(20分)

一、請仔細閱讀下列段落後,中文分別寫出此段的(1)主旨(愈簡短愈好)(30 %)與(2)段落中的各項論點(20%)。 ※注意此題請務必忠實呈現原文要義,避免添加個人意見。 The view that the late eighteenth century marks the arrival of modernity may be a commonplace among historians of politics, economics, society, culture, literature, and art but, with the significant exception of those influenced by Adorno, it is not widely shared by music historians. Unlike the much narrower notion of early twentieth-century musical modernism, modernity is not a concept that figures often in our vocabulary. On the rare occasions when it does, the birth of modern music is located not around 1750 or 1800 but around 1600. Leo Schrade, for example, called Monteverdi the "creator of modern music" in his 1950 book on the composer, and an important current journal, Early Music History, in delimiting its scope in the subtitle Studies in Medieval and Early Modern Music, suggests that post-medieval music must be "early modern." But these are exceptional cases: in the standard usage of our music history texts, to say nothing of our concert life, twentieth-century modernism is the only "modern" music there is. From Karol Berger, Bach's Cycle, Mozart's Arrow: An Essay on the Origins of Musical Modernoity. (University of California Press, 2007)

二、請大致翻譯下列這段文字並申論其要義(30%,再針對內容,舉例說明一種 當代由科技所建構的聆聽文化,同時論述它的文化特質(20%) "In the past, it is true, the role of acoustic technology in the making of modern sensibilities has attracted sustained scholarly attention, with 'schizophonia'- Murray Schafer's (1977) term for the separation sound from its source-being considered the most distinguishing (and at the same time most enthralling and angst-ridden) feature of the modern world's soundscape. But although the vast literature on the telephone, phonograph, radio, and electronic media might lend credence to claims of modernity's being an auditory rather than a visual era, the real problem seems to lie in the technological determinism, scientism, or cultural pessimism in which discussions of audio technologies have bogged us down for so long." (Neit Erlmann, "But What of the Ethnographic Ear? Anthropology, Sound, and the Senses." In Hearing Culture: 7).

(a)

(b)

2.(25%)請說明何謂散度定理(Divergencetheory)與史托克斯定理 (Stokes'theorem),而格林定理(Green's Theorem)與上述兩定理有何關聯?

3.(25%)惯性盪是海洋中常見的現象,可用以下方程式組描述 u,V分別為東西及南北方向速度,請將上述方程式寫成矩陣形式 (matrix form)並求所伴隨的特徵值(eigenvalues)與特徵向量 (eigenvectors),並請利用合理的初始條件求解。 

(a)(10%) 請證明是下列微分方程式之解

(b)(15%)請利用(a)找出下列微分方程式之一般解(generalsolution)

一、不均勻斷面圓桿受均勻分布扭力 t = 2100 N ⋅m / m作用，如圖 1 所示。試求其 剪應 力， 應變能密度（strain energy density）， 總應變能。已知圓桿長 2l = 4 m，直徑 d1 =10 cm，d2 = 20 cm，材料彈性係數E = 210 GPa，波義松比值（Poisson’s ratio） υ = 0.30。（25 分） 

二、細長均勻簡支柱承受一偏心垂直力P作用，如圖 2 所示。考慮軸力、彎矩互制效應， 試求其 變形曲線， 柱中點之側位移量， 並據以討論其臨 界荷重值（critical load）。假設柱之長度l，斷面積 A，斷面二次矩I 及偏心量e均為已知。（25 分）

110年 - 110 國立臺灣大學_碩士班招生考試_海洋所物理與化學與地物組(3組聯招):海洋地質學#100213