一、從參數為 λ 的指數分配中，隨機抽出一組樣本（大小是 5 個），說明此樣本中位數並不是母體中位數的不偏估計量。（13 分）

一、英譯中： In modern aviation, rules and protocols are so deeply ingrained in the culture that if a pilot or a mechanic encounters an unusual situation, his or her response is not to try jury-rigging a way around the problem but, rather, to follow set procedures and to report the problem through official channels.（15 分）