4. SWOT 分析(SWOT analysis)

5. 垂直整合(vertical integration)

6. 網狀溝通(all-channel communication)

7. 有機式組織(organic organization)

8. Herzberg 的雙因子理論(two-factor theory)

1. 控制(controlling)是構成管理的一項重要機制，請問控制在管理工作中扮演何種功能？此外，請分別說明事前控制(feedforward control)、即時控制(concurrent control)、事後控制(feedback control)的意涵並分析其各有的優缺點。

2. 請分別說明交易型領導者(transactional leaders)以及轉換型領導者(transformational leaders)所具有的意涵。此外，請針對轉換型領導者的特徵，舉出一位具備此特徵的成功領導者(古今中外皆可、可為政治領袖、宗教領袖、企業領袖、或思想領袖等)，然後分析其之所以為成功的轉換型領導者之緣由及其領導成效。

I. Piper's Hardware Store prepared the following analysis of cost of goods sold for the previous three years:Net income for the years 2016, 2017, and 2018 was €70,000, €60,000, and €65,000, respectively. Since net income was consistently declining, Mr. Piper hired a new accountant to investigate the cause(s) for the declines. The accountant determined the following: 1. Purchases of €20,000 were not recorded in 2016. 2. The 2016 December 31 inventory should have been €21,000. 3. The 2017 ending inventory included inventory costing €8,000 that was purchased FOB destination and in transit at year end. 4. The 2018 ending inventory did not include goods costing €4,000 that were shipped on December 29 to Sampson Plumbing Company, FOB shipping point. The goods were still in transit at the end of the year. Determine the correct net income for each year. (15%)

II. Three plans for financing a ¥25,000,000 corporation are under consideration by its organizers. Under each of the following plans, the securities will be issued at their par or face amount and the income tax rate is estimated at 30%.It is estimated that income before interest and taxes will be ¥5,000,000. Determine for each plan, the expected net income and the earnings per share. (18%)

(a) Spent $30,000 in legal costs in a patent defense suit. The patent was unsuccessfully defended.

(b) Purchased a trademark from another company. The trademark can be renewed indefinitely. Penny Company expects the trademark to contribute to revenue indefinitely.

115年 - 115 國立臺北大學_日間學士班轉學生招生考試試題_企業管理學系日間學士班2、3年級：管理學#147636

115年 - 115 國立臺北大學_碩士班一般入學考試試題_企業管理學系甲組：管理學#146838

115年 - 115 國立臺北大學_碩士班一般入學考試試題_公共行政暨政策學系甲組(公共行政組)：管理學#146624

115年 - 115 國立臺北大學_碩士班一般入學考試試題_公共行政暨政策學系甲組(公共行政組)：管理學#146613

115年 - 115 國立嘉義大學_轉學生招生考試試題_管理學院：管理學#143903

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立宜蘭大學_碩士班考試入學招生試題_應用經濟與管理學系應用經濟學碩士班及經營管理碩士班：管理學#147936

114年 - 114 國立臺北大學_日間學士班轉學生招生考試試題_企業管理學系日間學士班2、3年級：管理學#147698

114年 - 114 國立臺北大學_碩士班一般入學考試試題_公共行政暨政策學系甲組(公共行政組)：管理學#147316

114年 - [無官方正解]114 國立臺北大學_碩士班一般入學考試試題_企業管理學系乙組：管理學#147286

114年 - 114 國立臺北大學_碩士班一般入學考試試題_企業管理學系甲組：管理學#146834