所屬科目：研究所、轉學考(插大)◆普通化學
1. Atom A has 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons. Atom B has 6 protons, 8 neutrons and 6 electrons. Atom A and B are (A) Isotopes (B) Allotropes (C) Isomers (D) Enantiomer
2. What is the charge of an ion with 18 electrons, 20 neutrons and 20 protons? (A) -2 (B) +2 (C) 0 (D) +20
3. Which of the following pairs of compounds can be used to illustrate the law of multiple proportions?
(A) NH4 and NH4Cl (B) ZnO2 and ZnCl2
(C) H2O and HCl (D) CO and CO2
4. The scientist whose alpha-particle scattering experiment led him to conclude that the nucleus of an atom contains a dense center of positive charge is (A) J. J. Thomson (B) John Dalton (C) Ernest Rutherford (D) William Thomson
5. What are the forms of elemental carbon? (A) Graphite, diamond, and buckminsterfullerene. (B) Graphite, diamond, and carbonite. (C) Diamond, buckminsterfullerene, and carbonite. (D) Graphite, buckminsterfullerene, and carbonite.
6. Which compound contains the highest percent by mass of hydrogen? (A) HCl (B) H2O (C) H2S (D) HF
7. A hydrocarbon (a compound consisting solely of carbon and hydrogen) is found to be 85.6% carbon by mass. What is the empirical formula for this compound? (A) CH (B) CH2 (C) C2H (D) C2H3
8. What volume of 18.0 M sulfuric acid must be used to prepare 15.0 L of 0.30 M H2SO4? (A) 175 mL (B) 350 mL (C) 250 mL (D) 450 mL
9. Which of the following is not a weak base? (A) NaHCO3 (B) NH3 (C) CH3COONa (D) Ca(OH)2
10. Which of the following salts is insoluble in water? (A) Na2S (B) Pb(NO3)2 (C) CaCl2 (D) BaSO4
11. In which of the following does nitrogen have an oxidation state of +1? (A) NO2 (B) N2O (C) NO (D) HNO3
12. In the following reaction, which species is reduced? 8NaI + 5H2SO4 → 4I2 + H2S + 4Na2SO4 + 4H2O (A) sodium (B) sulfur (C) hydrogen (D) iodine
13. At 200 K, the molecules or atoms of an unknown gas, X, have an average velocity equal to that of CH4 atoms at 800 K. What is X? (Assume ideal behavior.) (A) H2 (B) He (C) O2 (D) SO2
14. 30.0 mL of pure water at 20 ℃ is mixed with 60.0 mL of pure water at 80 ℃. What is the final temperature of the mixture? (A) 40 ℃ (B) 50 ℃ (C) 60 ℃ (D) 70 ℃
15. Which of the following properties is (are) intensive properties? I. mass II. temperature III. volume IV. concentration V. energy (A) I, III, and V (B) II only (C) II and IV (D) III and IV
16. Which of the following is not a kind of green gas? (A) Cl2 (B) CO2 (C) CH4 (D) H2S
17. Which of the following is not a state function? (A) work (B) internal energy (C) entropy (D) Gibbs free energy
18. The room mean square speed of H2 at 300 K is about (A) 19.3 m/s (B) 193 m/s (C) 1930 m/s (D) 19300 m/s
19. Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelengths? (A) gamma rays (B) microwaves (C) radio waves (D) infrared radiation
20. In the hydrogen spectrum, for which of the following transitions does the light emitted have the longest wavelength? (A) n = 4 to n = 3 (B) n = 4 to n = 2 (C) n = 3 to n = 2 (D) n = 3 to n = 1
21. The number of orbitals having a given value of l is equal to (A) l (B) l-1 (C) 2l+1 (D) l(l+1)
22. How many electrons can be contained in all of the orbitals with n = 4? (A) 4 (B) 8 (C) 16 (D) 32
23. How many of the following molecules have dipole moments? HF, H2O, NH3, CH4, PCl5, SF6 (A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
24. As indicated by Lewis structures, which of the following would probably not exist as a stable molecule? (A) CH2O (B) C2H4O (C) C3H6O (D) C4H8O
25. Which of the following molecules or ions is not paramagnetic in its ground state? (A) O2 (B) O2+ (C) NO (D) F2
26. Which of the following molecules has a linear structure? (A) O2 (B) NO2 (C) NO2+ (D) SO2
27. Which of the following molecules has a planer structure? (A) H3O+ (B) CH4 (C) XeF4 (D) NF3
28. Which of the following compounds has the smallest pKa in the water? (A) NaOH (B) Na2CO3 (C) H2CO3 (D) NaHCO3
29. Choose the molecule with the strongest bond. (A) HF (B) HCl (C) HBr (D) HI
30. One mole of an ideal gas is expanded from a volume of 1.00 liter to a volume of 20.00 liters against a constant external pressure of 1.00 atm. How much work (in joules) is performed on the surroundings? (T = 300 k; 1 L atm = 101.3 J) (A) 456 J (B) 912 J (C) 1925 J (D) 2870 J
31. Calculate the molality of C2H5OH in a water solution that is prepared by mixing 50.0 mL of C2H5OH with 50.0 mL of H2O at 20°C. The density of the C2H5OH is 0.789 g/mL at 20°C. (A) 17.2 m (B) 4.28 m (C) 1.24 m (D) 8.56 m
32. Which of the following changes will not affect the equilibrium position of the following equation? \[ A(g) + 4B(s) \rightleftharpoons C(g) + D(s) + E(s) \] (A) Removal of A. (B) Increase in pressure. (C) Addition of E. (D) Addition of C.
33. Calculate the pH of a 0.50 M aqueous solution of formic acid, HCOOH (Ka = 1.77×10-4 M). (A) 2.03 (B) 1.77 (C) 0.5 (D) 3.77
34. Calculate the molar solubility of BaCO3 in water. Ksp = 8.1×10-9. (A) 8.1×10-9 (B) 2.7×10-4 (C) 9.0×10-5 (D) 2.05×10-3
35. Which of the following processes would result in a decrease of entropy? (A) Melting (B) Evaporating (C) Diffusing (D) Freezing
36. Which of the following system conditions would allow a process to be spontaneous at all temperatures? (A) (B) (C) (D)
37. What chemical process takes place in the cathode? (A) oxidation (B) reduction (C) precipitation (D) ionic flow
38. Which one of the following elements would you consider to be the best protector to protect the iron surface from corrosion? (A) Al (B) Mn (C) Zn (D) Na
39. 10.8 g of N2O5 is dissolved in enough water to prepare 500.0 mL of solution. Calculate the molarity of the nitric acid solution produced. (A) 0.16 (B) 1.60 (C) 0.80 (D) 0.40
40. The nucleus of which one of the following elements forms the alpha particles? (A) Ne (B) Ar (C) H (D) He
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